The impact from the 'smartification' of public services and the national infrastructure will be much more significant in comparison to any other sector given government's function and importance to every institution and individual. The data science technologies of artificial intelligence (AI), Internet of Things (IoT), big data and behavioral/predictive analytics, and blockchain are poised to revolutionize government and create a new generation of GovTech start-ups. Keywords: open government, participation, challenge, e-participation, open data This project paper strengthens the body of knowledge on open government in general and participation therein specifically by providing empirically gained and theoretically grounded insights about the implementation practice of participation. Both studied cases provided an example of lower-than-expected participation levels and hence a number of lessons learned. Based on the empirical studies, the thesis provides an analysis of the challenges which pertain to the implementation of these categories of participation. The findings of this project paper offers an integrated perspective on participation in open government consisting of participation in open data participation in open decisions and participation in open services. This problem is investigated on the basis of two countries – the open government data initiatives in two countries (Indonesia and The Philippines). This research aims to address this gap and sets out to identify the challenges to implementation of participation in the open government perspective. #USING AEON TIMELINE FOR GENEALOGY HOW TO#It is far less clear how to achieve participation (and collaboration) in the framework of open government. To date open government has been largely driven by and focused on information provision and the transparency pillar. Transparency, accountability, participation and collaboration are considered the pillars of open government. Information and communication technologies play an important role in open government, as they are used for provision of information or data and for support of participatory processes. This project paper is dedicated to the phenomenon of open government, an emerging research theme and a development within the digital government practice domain. This suggests there is a need for further research into the nexus of civil society and data upon which interdisciplinary discussion about the ethical dimensions of engagement with data, particularly informed by insight from the social sciences, can be predicated. In order to deal with the apparent “digital divide” in UK civil society – where, despite extensive government rhetoric about data openness, organizations face not only the barriers of limited time, funds, and expertise to harness data but also the lack of representation within existing data – we present a working model in which ethical concerns accompanying data utilization by civil society may be better accounted. Drawing upon a systematic scoping study on the use of data in the United Kingdom (UK) civil society, it finds that there are twin needs to conceptualize accessibility as more than mere availability of data, as well as examine the use of data among CSOs more generally. This research note reflects on the gaps and limitations confronting the development of ethical principles regarding the accessibility of large-scale data for civil society organizations (CSOs). The paper was given at the General Conference of the European Consortium for Political Research in Glasgow, 3-6th September 2014. It proposes a programme of research into the politics of open data looking at how the concept is implicated in a broader, shifting landscape of political visions, values and practises, and how it is changing the way that different actors think and talk about transparency as a political concept. This paper will suggest several threads for investigation for a genealogy of open data, examining how the rise of open data has coincided with a focus on technological innovation, public sector efficiency and economic growth in official transparency discourse rather than on social justice and meeting the needs of citizens. In just a few years, open data has been established as a fundamental cornerstone of official transparency and accountability initiatives around the world - from US President Barack Obama and UK Prime Minister David Cameron's respective open government programmes, to the Open Government Partnership, to the G8 Open Data Charter launched in June 2013.
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